Tobias Aldini included an illustration of the plant, which he contrasted with an illustration of the first known Acacia; Acacia nilotica. High. [30] Deer and peccaries eat its fruit, various birds use the plant for nesting and cover, and insects eat the nectar from its flowers. [4], In 1936 Cory moved Vachellia densiflora to Acacia densiflora, but as this name had already been used for another taxon and was therefore invalidated sensu Cory, in 1969 this taxon was renamed A. smallii by Isely. Below is a list of the most prolific species of entheogenic plants and fungi, but this list is not exhaustive. 2019. Vachellia farnesiana, Acacia farnesiana, Mimosa farnesiana Family: Fabaceae Subfamily: Mimosoideae Yellow Mimosa, Sweet Wattle Origin: Tropical America. Acacia smallii, considered specifically distinct from Vachellia farnesiana by Isely (1990), represents some of the variation displayed by V. farnesiana var farnesiana. As a tree, Vachellia farnesiana maintains a shrub-like growth habit. Vachellia farnesiana. It occurs rarely in extreme south Florida and has been found as a likely storm-deposited waif in a couple of areas on the west coast of FL. In the Caribbean it is present from the Bahamas and Cuba south to Trinidad, Curaçao and Aruba, where in it is believed to be native to Hispaniola and certainly Cuba, but possibly native or naturalised elsewhere. USDA zones are based on minimum winter temperatures, © 2018 Copyright: Florida Native Plant Society, Aroma, Fragrance, Showy flowers, Interesting foliage, Thorns. Culture should be similar to V. farnesiana. Although the range extends further north, it is best used in landscaping where temperatures do not drop below 20 degrees F. Extracts of many are used in medicine for this reason. pinetorum in 2002 by Clarke, Seigler and Ebinger (rendering the nominate form A. farnesiana subsp. [37], Clarke, H.D., Seigler, D.S., Ebinger, J.E. pinetorum in 2005.[4]. There are 2 subspecies, V. farnesiana var. It was introduced to Europe, the Middle East, India, Africa, and recently Gran Canaria and Hawaii. Vachellia farnesiana, also known as Acacia farnesiana, and previously Mimosa farnesiana, commonly known as sweet acacia, huisache or needle bush, is a species of shrub or small tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. Vachellia farnesiana, also known as Acacia farnesiana, commonly known as Needle Bush, is so named because of the numerous thorns distributed along its branches.The native range of V. farnesiana is uncertain. Additionally, in Florida, A. pinetorum was recognised as a rare endemic native. – sweet acacia Subordinate Taxa. The small, ball-shaped bright gold flowers are borne in profusion from February through April. pinetorum. It remains controversial; most taxonomic authorities in Mexico and Central America recognise this taxon as a full species under either A. guanacastensis or Vachellia guanacastensis, the Ãrboles nativos e introduciados de El Salvador of 2009 subsumed it under Acacia farnesiana. Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles. Very briefly deciduous. lenticellata (F. The Australian name needle bush came about because of the numerous thorns distributed along its branches. Mimosa farnesiana L. Mimosa suaveolens Salisb. It is multi-stemmed with wispy, drooping branches. [23], Acacia pinetorum was subsumed under A. farnesiana as A. farnesiana subsp. In the United States it is thought to be native to southern Texas, southern New Mexico, southern Arizona and southern California, but perhaps naturalised in southern Louisiana, coastal Mississippi, coastal Alabama, coastal Georgia and southern Florida (or not). The flowers bloom heavily in season, sometimes several times a year. [33] In the Philippines the leaves are traditionally rubbed on the skin to treat skin diseases in livestock. It was first described by Europeans in 1625 by Tobias Aldini from plants grown from seed collected in Santo Domingo, in what is now the Dominican Republic. How Acacia s.l. While the point of origin is Mexico and Central America the species has a pantropical distribution incorporating Northern Australia and Southern Asia. Clarke, D.S. Bloom Period Photos from ... Acacia farnesiana var. Vachellia farnesiana, also known as Acacia farnesiana, commonly known as Needle Bush, is so named because of the numerous thorns distributed along its branches. var. As new research and understanding of plants, fungi, and natural sources continues this list may expand. Acacia farnesiana (Sweet Acacia) *Click on picture for more images of this species. Acacia Farnesiana Vachellia Perfume Wattle Seeds Packet of 12+ freshly harvested seeds! farnesiana attained its pan-tropical distribution", "Mimosa bush (Vachellia farnesiana) - NSW WeedWise", "Acacia farnesiana - Alien Plants of Hawaii, UH Botany", "Sweet Acacia, Needle bush Medicinal,introduce,allergenic", "Philippine Herbs Used in Small Animal Practice", "Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. Attracts pollinators. Accessed: 2020 Aug 26. In 1806 Carl Ludwig Willdenow moved this taxon to the genus Acacia.[1]. [32], This drought-tolerant species is often used in xeriscaping in Texas. The tree makes good forage for bees. var. [30], Scented ointments from Cassie are made in India. The Alabama Plant Atlas is a source of data for the distribution of plants within the state as well as taxonomic, conservation, invasive, and wetland information for each species. The yellowish-green to pure green leaves are ferny, with 1-6 pairs of leaf 'branches' each with 5-20 pairs of narrow, rounded leaflets, up to … [30] Highly tannic barks are common in general to acacias. It is not found in Palm Beach County. It remains disputed whether the extra-American distribution is natural (the seed pods have probably floated across the Pacific) or anthropogenic. var. Farnesia odora Gasp. Rounded shrub or small tree 3-5m tall. Reference page. [17][18][19][20] Analysis of essences of the floral extract from this plant, long used in perfumery, resulted in the name for the sesquiterpene biosynthetic chemical farnesol, found as a basic sterol precursor in plants, and cholesterol precursor in animals. The bark is smooth or finely fissured and grey-brown in colour. Efloraofindia (earlier Indiantreepix) is the largest Google e-group in the world in this field & largest nature related in India devoted to creating awareness, helping in identification etc. Leaves are pure green or sometimes yellowish green, ferny, with 1-6 pairs of leaf 'branches' each with 5-20 pairs of narrow, rounded leaflets 4-8mm long. The seed pods are readily eaten by livestock. FloraBase Flora of Western Australia", "Wattle Tree Names and Types of Acacia Species", Native Plants of South Texas: Sweet Acacia (, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vachellia_farnesiana&oldid=986274063, Articles with dead external links from May 2016, Articles with Chinese-language sources (zh), Taxonbars with automatically added basionyms, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 30 October 2020, at 20:56. It is deciduous over part of its range, but evergreen in most locales. Muell.) [129], New Caledonia: Acacia farnesiana: K000967431: Jan 1, 2002: densiflora, although this wasn't widely followed. In 1809 Willdenow described Acacia acicularis from Central America collected and named during Humboldt and Bonpland's scientific expedition to the Americas. In fact, it's more shrub than tree. – sweet acacia Variety: Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. Vachellia farnesiana, also known as Acacia farnesiana, and previously Mimosa farnesiana, commonly known as sweet acacia,[12] huisache[13] or needle bush, is a species of shrub or small tree in the legume family, Fabaceae. Published online. There is a lot of natural variability in its branching structure. Needle bush, briar bush, cassie, cassie flower, dead finish, downs mimosa, Ellington curse, false mesquite, farnese w Attracts pollinators and uses ants both for protection against unwanted insects. pinetorum. Vachellia farnesiana is a spreading shrub, up to 9.8 feet (3 m) tall. [5] Acacia ferox was described in 1843 in Belgium from collections in Mexico. The name huisache of Mexico and Texas is derived from Nahuatl and means "many thorns,". Seigler and J.E. Wetland Status. It blooms with canary yellow powder puffs, sweetly fragrant. In 1933 M.E.Jones named plants he collected in Mexico Pithecellobium minutum. [30], It exudes a gum which is sometimes collected.[11]. BASIONYM: Vachellia farnesiana (Linnaeus) Wight & Arnott 1834; Mimosa farnesiana Linnaeus 1753. [11][30] It is widely used in the perfume industry in Europe. It is also smaller. farnesiana farnesiana Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. This taxon is known from the Florida panhandle to western Texas, sporadically to southern California and … Beauchamp also subsumed A. smallii under A. minuta subsp. [7] Acacia lenticellata was described in 1859 for the plants found growing throughout Australia.[8]. Its flowers are used in the perfume industry. The presence and constitution of alkaloids in nature can be highly variable, due to environmental and genetic factors. It's found in scattered counties throughout Florida, from the Keys to the Panhandle, but it is considered rare in South Florida. Pl. [30] 0678jfParish River Aroma Tortugas Rivas … When young, it tends to be multi-trunked, so if a tree form is desired, pruning is required. Accessed Aug 26 2019. It is considered a serious pest plant in parts of Australia, as it interferes with cattle ranching operations. In 1948 F.J.Herm. farnesiana: PLANTS: Acacia minuta ssp. The seeds are dispersed by cattle after they eat the nutritious pods, and growth is promoted by overgrazing. [26][27][28][29] The plant has been spread to many new locations as a result of human activity and it is considered a serious weed in Fiji, where locals call it Ellington's curse. For additional information review “Plants of the Gods” by … The taxon name farnesiana is named after Odoardo Farnese (1573â1626) of the notable Italian Farnese family which, after 1550, under the patronage of cardinal Alessandro Farnese, maintained some of the first private European botanical gardens in Rome, the Farnese Gardens, in the 16th and 17th centuries. densiflora (Alexander ex Small) Beauchamp", "Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center - The University of Texas at Austin", "Discover Life - Fabaceae: Acacia farnesiana (L. ) Willd. Ebinger finally cleared up some of this confusion, synonymising Acacia smallii and a number of other taxa under the nominate form of A. farnesiana, under which they also included all of the plants growing outside of the Americas. Especially in the United States the taxonomy has been confused. Although drought-tolerant, this shrub/small tree may benefit from a few deep, thorough soakings during extremely dry periods. It is recognised as present in Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Nicaragua and the southern Gulf and southwestern regions of Mexico by the Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (2018) but it is unclear if the taxon as recognised by the different authorities replaces Acacia farnesiana in Central America (but not the Caribbean or South America) or exists sympatrically. Var. guanacastensis is primarily distinguished by larger leaflets. Good for barrier shrub and as wildlife thicket, also nice as specimen. [12], A paper in 1989 by H.D. In France two old cultivars have been developed for the perfume industry. Vachellia farnesiana in Kew Science Plants of the World online. var. It is also smaller. [2][3] This taxon was later elevated to species status as A. guanacastensis by the same three in 2000[22] and later moved to Vachellia guanacastensis by Seigler and Ebinger in 2006. The Plants Database includes the following 1 subspecies of Vachellia farnesiana . It readily spreads in commercial grazing pastures, especially along creeks, which might affect ease of transport for farmers, complicates muster, and can damage farm machinery. While the point of origin is Mexico and Central America the species has a pantropical distribution incorporating Northern Australia and Southern Asia. Flowers of the plant provide the perfume essence from which the biologically important sesquiterpenoid farnesol is named. Herbarium Catalogue (71 records) Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status; Feb 11, 2014: Clark, R.P. MACFARLAND., AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY, Volume 57, #3, March, 1885", "Location of the Farnese family gardens, now known only as a remnant", "Chance long-distance or human-mediated dispersal? The bark is used for its tannin content. The flowers are processed through distillation to produce a perfume called Cassie which has been described as "delicious". Description Small tree to about 10-25ft, having prominent thorns. This plant has no children Legal Status. Vachellia farnesiana, previously known as Acacia farnesiana, commonly known as Needle Bush, is so named because of the numerous thorns distributed along its … [15] The species grows to a height of 15â30 feet (4.6â9.1 m) and grows multiple trunks. Published on the internet. International Plant Names Index. [24][30] The concentration of tannin in the seed pods is about 23%. While the point of origin is thought to be the Caribbean, the Guianas, Mexico and/or Central America, the species has a pantropical distribution incorporating most of the Americas (from southern USA to Chile, excluding the Amazon), most of Australia, much of Africa, southern Europe and southern Asia. Partly due to its wide distributional range the taxon has attracted many synonyms. Lots of confusion regarding names for this fella, here are a few of the more common ones. The thorny branches make good cover for birds and other wildlife. Acacia smallii was used in the United States for the 'native' A. farnesiana growing in the drylands west of Louisiana, but at the same time the taxon A. farnesiana was recognised in the United States for purportedly imported non-native plants originally cultivated in the southeastern United States as ornamentals and later thought naturalised there. Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. - Cassie Flower, Vachellia farnesiana, Poponax farnesiana, Mimosa farnesiana, Ellington Curse, Klu, Sweet Acacia, Mimosa Bush, Huisache", "Etymology of farnesol, accessed August 27, 2009", "HENRY TRIMBLE AND F. D. Acacia farnesiana var. [16] Its flowers are used in the perfume industry. Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. Vachellia farnesiana (L.) Wight & Arn. pinetorum.[12]. Branches grow in a zigzag shape and are usually grey-brown with prominent white spots. Tropicos.org 2019. Vachellia farnesiana. USDA Hardiness Zone: 8b - 11 Mature Height: 20 to 40 ft Mature Spread: 20 to 30 ft Growth Rate: Medium Availability: Rare in large size, locally in small sizes Drought Tolerance: High Salt Tolerance: Moderate Light Requirements: Full sun Soil Drainage: Tolerates well-drained sites to occasionally wet … It was first described by Europeans under the name Acacia Indica Farnesiana in 1625 by Tobias Aldini from plants grown in Rome in the Farnese Gardens from seed collected in Santo Domingo, in what is now the Dominican Republic, which germinated in 1611. Acacia acicularis Acacia acicularis Humboldt & Bonpland ex Willdenow, Enum. More information about Vachellia farnesiana. appears in other Kew resources: IPNI - The International Plant Names Index. densiflora: PLANTS: Acacia minuta. There is a very rare species, Vachellia macranthera, occasionally cultivated. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. In the same paper they recognised A. farnesiana var. Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd. … If you have it, enjoy it. It has long been thought to be native to the Philippines and Australia, having spread there by natural means, because plants were collected there before colonisation in 1788, it was distributed throughout the country, indigenous knowledge on the plant is extensive, and recent (2017) DNA investigations show this as most likely. There are 2 subspecies, V. farnesiana var. In the Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis of 1834 Wight & Arnott attempted to split the burgeoning genus Acacia by moving a number of the Acacia species growing in India to the new genus Vachellia. The native range of V. farnesiana has been or is sometimes disputed. Yellow Mimosa (Vachellia farnesiana) is a spreading shrub ranging from 1.5 to 4 m in height. Fruits are not generally valued. For documenting flora of India that is being discussed on efloraofindia google e-group along with supplementing the working of the group. Acacia farnesiana, commonly known as Needle Bush, is so named because of the numerous thorns distributed along its branches.The native range of A. farnesiana is uncertain.
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