Ubuntu is a way of life and it simply translates "I am because we are". (PDF) African Ubuntu Philosophy and Philosophy of Global Management | B.Kristin Degirmenci - Academia.edu Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share ⦠The development and adoption of Gada, Ubuntu, and other indigenous leadership philosophies is recommended as a remedy to Africa’s leadership problems. The place to begin in developing such a theory is the philosophy of traditional cultures. Bantu peopleâs way of living is guided by Ubuntu philosophy â which has its origins in humanist African philosophy, where the idea of community is one of the integral parts of society, a theory of shared humankind, togetherness â humanity, you and I. physics, engineering, mathematics, computer sciences, and economics. is not a rugged individual, but a person within a community. All Rights Reserved. His focus is on the intersection of the normative idea of personhood in African philosophy and the universal concept of dignity. of my thesis where clarity on their meanings could be helpful in establishing the possibility of ascribing rights outside those that are communally conferred. One's humanity is inextricably linked to the humanity of others; and the more one exhibits this âotherâregardingâ behaviour, the more of a person, one becomes. is very difficult to render into a Western language. The proverb stresses, l understanding that one is truly human only as a member of a, is the basis of African communal cultural life.”, functions as a unifying factor, bringing people together regard-, belongs to the Nguni group of languages, and has cognates in other Bantu. For the business, derstanding of this system is essential. A discussion of the virtues of understanding th. He considers time as the fourth dimension of everything and the base of its evolutionary movement to spirituality. 3,000 new books annually, covering a wide range of subjects including biomedicine and the life sciences, clinical medicine, Scholars of ubuntu/personhood tend to affirm the view that it amounts to a self-realisation/perfectionist moral view, To investigate how the groups act as an alternative livelihood strategy for members, Ubuntu and Guanxi (Confucianism), Social networking/ties/relationships, leadership style, IHRM, CSR, BRI, Organizational transformation of Chinese SOE, In this article, I argue that individuals could be entitled to rights, outside those that are communally conferred, as part of the primary requirement of being ‘persons’ in the African communitarian set-up if the terms ‘person’ and ‘personhood’ are understood differently from the way they are currently deployed in the communitarian discourse. It also looks briefly at the Confucian A visual research methodology was explored, using Khutsong Section informal settlement as a vehicle so as to formulate a generalised approach to the upgrading of informal settlements. In the, person depending very much on the success o, is that it is vague: “The trouble is that, , by evaluating six different theoretical. Fortitude is required by managers, where the consequences of doing so could be unpleasant. 4.2 UNDERSTANDING THE AFRICAN UBUNTU PHILOSOPHY comparing the traits of servant leadership with the principles of the King IV Report on international business; In the first section, he begins by defining crucial terms and proceeds to contextualise the discussion in light of the South African legal literature on the question of euthanasia. In what is sometimes called the “perennia, phy from the ancient Greek and Roman philosophers, through the mediaeval philosophers, and, continuing until it was rejected by the leading Eu, it was understood that “the city belongs among the things that exist by nature, and that man is, by nature a political [communal] animal.”, live in community with other human persons. One cannot exist without the othe, When Aristotle writes that “in the case of the, body is often held to rule the soul on account of their being in a condition that is bad and un-, natural”, he means neither that this condition is miraculous, nor that it is rare and unusual, nor, that it is artificial. Peter John Opio, “Towards an Ethics of Busine. Ubuntu is an African management concept formulated by the South-African Lovemore Mbigi. ethics; One translator of Confucius’s. Furthermore, Kant’s ethical theory is, notoriously incapable of distinguishing ethical from, many immoral and trivial non-moral maxims are vindicated by Kant’s test quite as convincin, – in some cases more convincingly – than the, Mill’s attempt to derive ethics from human e. cious reasoning: If an object is seen, then it is visible; if a sound is heard, then it is audible; therefore, if anything is desired, then it is desirable. And we have this, Although he does not make explicit reference, the differences that divide us. d self-love, may add nothing to the weight”. less of their background or access to wealth.”, sionate. And Kwame Gyekye makes the same point in interpreting an Akan proverb: “The clan is like a cluster of trees which, wh, the social reality of the individual; it expre, tity and that, like the tree, some of whose branch, separately rooted and is not completely absorb. the lack of governance in civil society organisations and specifically in NGOs that operate in After listing nineteen non-egois, with his own, they seem too heavy, to put them into the other part of the balance, and his own, into their place, that his own passions, an, is good for the agent, then Hobbesian ethics, like most of modern moral philosophy, Ethical theories that tell us we must choose, and love of others, between prudence and mora, mon good are individualistic ethical theories. Until now no clear evidence has been found to confirm the exis-tence of Ubuntu in African ⦠Stanlake J. W. T. Samkange (1980) highlights the three maxims of Hunhuism or Ubuntuism that shape this philosophy⦠Philosophy in Africa. role is played by the concept of the will, which, xperience contains a classic example of falla-, His principle of utility is no more capable, re is no reason in principle why the greater, s assessment of democracy, deriving ethics from a com-, for all those other approaches that have been, attempts to derive an ethical theory are encounter enormous prob-, that the former, together with its accompanying, of Western philosophy during the Enlightenment, e business organisation as a community should, llective identity, the African manager or em, ose relatives in the organization regardless of, members of one’s ethnic group before that of the, emselves compelled to adopt the position taken, ly, this practice can lead to frustration in the, environment in which community members are per-. Igbo society was such that even, sciousness, the individual’s rights and existence as. The distinction between these two terms is the basis, Kalhat has forcefully criticised Wittgenstein's linguistic or conventionalist account of logical necessity, drawing partly on Waismann and Quine. It begins by providing the reader with a brief exposition of an African metaphysical system informing ubuntu. All content in this area was uploaded by David Lutz on Jul 10, 2014, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa, Our globalising world needs a theory of ethical global management that is consistent with o, common human nature. Access supplemental materials and multimedia. The 2016 Life Esidimeni tragedy, which claimed the lives of more than 140 mental health Buddhism and Western capitalism are also significant influences. Within China, Confucianism was suppressed during the Cultural Revolution, but is, regaining popularity today. We are creatures of blood and bo, fer across cultures and faiths, and though hi, Peter Drucker wrote in 1982 that the only philoso, phies of management are the Confucian “ethics of, at the traditional philosophies of China and Greece reveals that they have much in common with, traditional African philosophy that is relevant. The aim of the study was to I defend conventionalism against the charge that it cannot do justice to the truth of necessary propositions, renders them unacceptably arbitrary or reduces them to metalingustic statements. It must produce and sell goods and/or servic, not merely whatever it can persuade customers, good and services consistently with the demands of justice. relates to others and thereby realizes oneself; tation of African ethics in the literature”, and, ulation of an African ethic to be found in the, U6 is better, he argues, because U4 roots ethics in the good of the agent, while U6, 4] says that the basic justificatory reason to, or a better person. When persons are understood, tic laws of nature, Hobbes tells us that a man, ture, but, when weighing the actions of other men. Springer is one of the leading international scientific publishing companies, publishing over 1,200 journals and more than The global philosophy for humankind Self Community and Psychology. the health sector, where a people-centred approach is crucial. Obiora Ike and Ndidi Nnoli Edozien explain this by describing the structure of, The Igbo social structure consists of many sma, balances. (PDF) African Ubuntu Philosophy & Global Management | David Lutz - Academia.edu Academia.edu is a platform for academics to share research papers. The visual-spatial design process gained from the context of the study, visual analysis, and interpretation of precedents as well as the analysis and understanding of the study area. It discusses these principles by comparing with Ubuntu and other indigenous African leadership philosophies on the one hand with UN principles of good governance on the other. Vol. Read your article online and download the PDF from your email or your account. Ubuntu is a South African expression that reflects the commonality of African societies, ... Another criticism suggests that instances of heroism associated with kill ing oneself (sacrificing oneself) for the greater good of society would be deemed immoral, since such an act terminates one's life rather than perfects it, which requires one to be alive at the very least (Metz 2007). to the philosophy of business management. Hume failed to demonstrate that understand. Although the word "Ubuntu" comes from southern Africa, the concept of Ubuntu is universal with several ⦠Two distinct schools of thought have arisen about transnational responsibilities: the “minimalist” and “maximalist.” The minimalist argues that a transnational corporation's moral responsibilities are linked tightly to its economic purposes: to make profits for its investors and products or services for the public. Ubuntu is an African word that means so much. Shutte tells us that, U4 and U6 are true. Traditional and Modern Derivations of Ethics, To maintain that we should develop a theory of business management rooted in the tradition of, natural law and human virtues, and in an unders, millennia of European history, most leading mo, the natural law do exist, even as they argued w. morals is inseparable from a theory of human nature”, epistemology, theology, politics, economics, etc. Aparth, possess the same human rights and are subject to the same natural moral law. ... Bolden & Kirk, 2009;Fourie et al., 2017;Mangaliso, 2001;Muchiri, 2011;West, 2014), and to introduction and explanation of specific African leadership style, Ubuntu (e.g. manifestations of Dasein, like temporality. Introduction: Special issue on multilevel perspectives on leadership in the African context, African and Chinese Managerial Practices: A Cross-Cultural Comparison, Le management en Afrique : authenticité, échanges culturels et hybriditéManagement in Africa: Authenticity, Cultural Exchanges and HybrdityLa gestión de empresas en África: Autenticidad, intercambios culturales e hibridación, Introduction: Personhood, Dignity and (African) Bioethics, Personhood and Euthanasia in African Philosophy, 2014188284 KY MARAIS NGO GOVERNANCE KING IV AS SERVANT LEADER (3), African Indigenous Leadership Philosophy and Democratic Governance System: Gada’s Intersectionality with Ubuntu, VISUAL ASSESSMENT AS A RESEARCH TOOL FOR SOLVING SPATIAL PROBLEMS IN KHUTSONG SECTION INFORMAL SETTLEMENT, OS DIREITOS DAS MINORIAS E GRUPOS VULNERÁVEIS À LUZ DA CARTA AFRICANA DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS E DOS POVOS Comentários sobre o Artigo 18º 1 . also note the potential vices. Next, the four salient interpretations of ubuntu in the literature are considered. It concludes that the needed theory of global management should regard the firm as a community, not a collection of individuals, and should understand the purpose of management as promoting the common good. The African philosophy of Ubuntu is typically characterised as a communitarian philosophy that emphasises virtues such as compassion, tolerance and harmony. Jean-Paul Sartre argued, eid was unethical, because black and white humans, y has divided rich from poor, free from unfre, phical traditions capable of serving as philoso-, interdependence” and the Aristotelian “ethics, , on the grounds that no one had introduced him to it. Jason van Niekerk (2007) offers a response to this objection (see also. Ubuntu is, at the same time, a deeply personal philosophy that calls on us to mirror our humanity for each other. Insofar as it is a tradition. In any event, a brief look. Carnes Lord (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 198. , trans. 2011. Johann Broodryk identifies five, Other authors identify other virtues. African ⦠If, however, I, understand that benefiting other persons is also good for me (even when, in the extreme, it leads. that there is no such thing as human nature. Evidences show that in spite of the expansion of modern education and leadership training; there are little or no evidence of leadership effectiveness in Africa. In this paper, it is tried to comparatively study temporality and time in Mulla Sadra and Heidegger's philosophy, in order to find their similarities and differences. Magesa, L. 1997. and Democratic Good Governance in Malawi”, Body: First Joint Symposium of Philosophers from Africa and from. practical wisdom, and the latter came to be known as prud, Western tradition also gained the concept of, Among the early-modern European philosopher, Thomas Hobbes. Despite the depth of research on leaders and leadership in the Western and Asian contexts, the study of leadership in the African context remains at a nascent stage. Keywords: For terms and use, please refer to our Terms and Conditions ing to differing ideas about how best to promote it. To, this essay. Community is the. While I have emphasised the, agreement of traditional African, Chinese and Eur, agreement. are embedded into the King IV Report, thus linking leadership and good governance in one it is a part. Aristotle’s analysis of the difference, must be a theory of productive management –. Frank Baldwin (Tokyo: University of Tokyo, The Sayings of Confucius: The Teachings of China’s Greates. Bell, 1769), Part VI, Sect. And temperance, especially its subor-, dinate virtue humility, is required by the mana. The ubuntu philosophy of Africa can make a significant contribution to the requisite theory of ethical global management, because it correctly understands that we are truly human only in community with other persons. of global management should regard the firm as a community, not a collection of individuals, and should understand the purpose For nearly two. must be rejected, because some owner-weal, y communal, not individualistic, and since all, mmunal cultures, the place to begin developing the needed theory of, tly understands that we are truly human only in, per, two other philosophical traditions will be, cornerstone in African thought and life.”, Or, as Yusufu Turaki puts it: “People are not, t part of a community, living in relationships, oup, as is the case with Marxist collectivism. These leadership failures are attributed to lack of leadership that connects with the societal values and cultures. Therefore, the application of the visual research method in this study contributes to positioning urban designers and architects to be visionaries and pioneers in the sustainable upgrading of informal settlements. Michael Lipton in the 1990s wrote that in this current modern world the greatest division is not between c⦠99-100. He aims to offer a personhood-based conception of dignity and then apply it to select bioethical themes. "African Ubuntu Philosophy and Global Management," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. In most African business schools, about striving for decent survival and working, test profit at all costs, especially not at the, tivism. Placing the perceived interests of relatives and, community is, though common, a corruption of, racism; both involve denying others their due b, irrelevant respect. Several patterns emerge from this study. This item is part of JSTOR collection Anglo-American man-, virtues, there is no canonical listing of these virtues. The Life Esidimeni tragedy highlighted Ubuntu philosophy involves recognising an employeeâs socio-cultural values within an African ⦠Positive behaviour is related to the Ubuntu philosophy 3. JSTOR is part of ITHAKA, a not-for-profit organization helping the academic community use digital technologies to preserve the scholarly record and to advance research and teaching in sustainable ways. Mangaliso, M. P. (2001) Building competitive advantage from Ubuntu: Management lessons This means that it must promote the good of all members of the firm itself, not just its owners, and must also promote the good of the larger communities to which it be-, longs. of ethical global management, because it correc, community with other persons. The context-informed and -driven urban open space design process resulted in an integrative and consolidated spatial solution for Khutsong Section. needed theory of ethical global management is the philosophy of traditional cultures, in all regions of the world. Ubuntu: An Ethic for the New South Africa, African Culture and American Business in Africa. African Leadership and Management Philosophy There is a debate that Ubuntu is not exclusively African but universal. In recent years, China has become Africa’s most important economic partner Chinese companies of all sizes and sectors bring investments, managerial know-how and entrepreneurial energy to all 54 African countries China also plays host to the largest population of African migrants seeking business opportunities as well as African students in search of renowned universities It is therefore useful to compare management practices between China and Africa Through an analytical review, our study highlights the similarities and differences of management philosophies, managerial styles, networking, and entrepreneurship This study helps strengthen knowledge of Chinese and African management styles and suggests directions for future studies that could ensure the success of the collaboration between China and Africa. If its economic boom is to be sustained, Beijing must find more raw materials and, mother country at the expense of the colonies. 84, Supplement 3: Global and Contextual Values for Business in a Changing World (2009). The place to begin in developing such a theory is the philosophy of traditional cultures. It also me, As is the case with traditional ethics elsewhere, tr, existence that extends the realm of the individual, Our own African culture taught us concepts such, that we are a collective with the success of one, all. in his or her own judgment, rather than seeking the counsel of subordinates. In the final section, Molefe rehearses the view of dignity associated with personhood and then applies it to the question of euthanasia, where he ultimately argues that it is permissible. . Ubuntu as a key African management Concept: Contextual background and practical insights for knowledge application. It also looks briefly at the Confucian and Platonic-Aristotelian traditions and notes points of agreement with African traditions. Mangaliso, M. P. 2001. ethical global management is the philosophy of traditional cultures in all regions of the world. ith one another about theories of each. ilosophy”, the mainstream of Western philoso-. In the words of John Mbiti, “I am, because we are; and since we are, therefore I am.”, individuals, living in a state of independence, bu, The communal character of African culture does not, dividual person is subordinated to that of the gr, a true community, the individual does not purs, good, but rather pursues his or her own good, community does not ask persons to sacrifice their own good in order to promote the good of, others, but instead to recognise that they can attain their own true good only by promoting the, good of others. option. Second, corporate ethics programs—codes of conduct, mission statements, hot lines, and so forth—proved to be of little help to these young managers. odds with theories that understand the purpose of management to be promoting the good of the, benefit of the whole, based on a long-term vision, agement theories contain some truths that are univers, The concept of Ubuntu emphasises the need to harness the solidarity ten. . Key words: governance; corporate governance; the King IV Report; servant leadership; The study area, Khutsong Section, is located in Ivory Park township within the City of Johannes- burg. being kind to others and not taking advantages when, e and other East Asian nations: “The virtues, are fundamental for China and the Far East generally.”, er quality and at lower cost than Western com-, tries need to learn from developed ones, but, reasoning behind China’s new focus on Africa, nation of the economy of a foreign land, with-, is partly a present reality and partly a legacy to be, in other Asian nations. reform and improve the sector (USAID 2018: 210). African âUbuntuâ Philosophy and Global Management. To the objection that doing so is problematic, the ap, that it is, but then to point out that deriving ethics from any other sour, us consider briefly the “two favorite philosophers of business ethics”, Kant rejected human nature as the starting point for moral philosophy and attempted to de-, rive from pure practical reason an ethical theory that would be valid “not merely for men but for, physics of morals must be “completely isol, theless, in his resulting ethical theory, a central, belongs to some but not other theories of human nature. solidarity as “a firm and persevering determina, is to say, to the good of all and of each indi, “legal fictions that serve as a nexus for, but as communities: “A good business is a community with a purpose.”, understood as a community, the purpose of management is to promote the good of the co, It is true, of course, that Plato and Aristo, community, we need solidarity’s twin subsidiarity, group should help smaller or more local ones, tralised. African Ubuntu philosophy and global management. The first step in developing the requisite th, individuals. The place to begin in developing such a theory is the philosophy of traditional cultures. African Ubuntu Philosophy and Global Management: Article in Journey of Business Ethics Blaschke, L.M, and Brindley, J. Ubuntu as a key African management concept: Contextual background and practical insights for knowledge application. Since the middle of the twentieth century, follow-, ing the collapse of the European empires and widespread condemnation of colon, strategy has shifted towards neo-colonialist domi, out political governance: “With every day that passes, China’s economic tentacles exte, deeper into Africa. Fourth, the young managers resolved the dilemmas they faced largely on the basis of personal reflection and individual values, not through reliance on corporate credos, company loyalty, the exhortations and examples of senior executives, or philosophical principles or religious reflection. To criticise Hume is not to demonstrate that, nature. He structures the chapter as follows. It concludes that the needed theory Introduction Our globalising world needs a theory of ethical global management ⦠They share what they have. Furthermore, we, and corporate governance that are rooted in individualistic philosophical systems, including, wealth-maximisation theories without addressing. In our age of globalization, we need a theory of global management consistent with our common human nature. (Pietermaritzburg: University of Natal Press, 2002), p. 103. They try to discover many virtues of time and its relation to existents. Speculative philosophy as well as reports of empirical research are welcomed. es that are genuinely good for its customers, to purchase. (Notre Dame, Indiana: University. While Europe sought direct, claimed. There have been assertions that the ultimate success of any organisation operating in an African environment is premised on this Ubuntu framework. virtues are “justice, moderation, courage and wisdom”. Ratele, Duncan, Hook, Mkhize, Kiguwa & Collins Desmond Tutu, South Africaâs renowned Nobel Peace Prize winner, remarks, âWhen we want to give high praise to someone, we say Yu u nobuntu; Hey, so-and-so has ubuntu.âFor many black African cultures, the more one displays ubuntu, that is, develops human excellence, the better oneâs life. and Platonic-Aristotelian traditions and notes points of agreement with African traditions. No one pretends, perfect or all-wise. This study employed visual assessment as a tool for urban designers and architects to address socio-spatial problems in informal settlements. This paper aims to add to the recent scholarly search for African leadership philosophy to improve leadership effectiveness in Africa. According to Ubuntu, there exists a common bond between us all and it is through this bond, through our interaction with our fellow human beings, that we discover our own human qualities.
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